Tag Archives: data protection

“Michal Serzycki” Data Protection Award 2021

It is a privilege to be a joint-recipient in the fourth year of the “Michal Serzycki” Data Protection Award, and I thank the Data Protection Authority in Poland (UODO) for the recognition of work for the benefit of promoting data protection values and the right to privacy.

I appreciate the award in particular as the founder of an NGO, and the indirect acknowledgement of the value of NGOs to be able to contribute to public policy, including openness towards international perspectives, standards, the importance of working together, and our role in holding the actions of state authorities and power to account, under the rule of law.

The award is shared with Mrs Barbara Gradkowska, Director of the Special School and Educational Center in Zamość, whose work in Poland has been central to the initiative, Your Data — Your Concern, an educational Poland-wide programme for schools that is supported and recognized by the UODO. It offers support to teachers in vocational training centres, primary, middle and high schools related to personal data protection and the right to privacy in education.

And it is also shared with Mr Maciej Gawronski, Polish legal advisor and authority in data protection, information technology, cloud computing, cybersecurity, intellectual property and business law.

The UODO has long been a proactive advocate in the schools’ sector in Poland for the protection of children’s data rights, including recent enforcement after finding the processing of children’s biometric data using fingerprint readers unlawful, when using a school canteen and ensuring destruction of pupil data obtained unlawfully.

In the rush to remote learning in 2020 in response to school closures in COVID-19, the UODO warmly received our collective international call for action, a letter in which over thirty organisations worldwide called on policy makers, data protection authorities and technology providers, to take action, and encouraged international collaboration to protect children around the world during the rapid adoption of digital educational technologies (“edTech”). The UODO issued statements and a guide on school IT security and data protection.

In September 2020, I worked with their Data Protection Office at a distance, in delivering a seminar for teachers, on remote education.

The award also acknowledges my part in the development of the Guidelines on Children’s Data Protection in an Education Setting adopted in November 2020, working in collaboration with country representatives at the Council of Europe Committee for Convention 108, as well as with observers, and the Committee’s incredible staff.

2020 was a difficult year for people around the world under COVID-19 to uphold human rights and hold the space to push back on encroachmentespecially for NGOs, and in community struggles from the Black Lives Matter movement to environmental action to  UK students on the streets of London to protest algorithmic unfairness. In Poland the direction of travel is to reduce women’s rights in particular. Poland’s ruling Law and Justice (PiS) party has been accused of politicising the constitutional tribunal and using it to push through its own agenda on abortion, and the government appears set on undermining the rule of law creating a ‘chilling effect’ for judges. The women of Poland are again showing the world, what it means and what it can cost to lose progress made.

In England at defenddigitalme, we are waiting to hear later this month, what our national Department for Education will do to better protect millions of children’s rights, in the management of national pupil records, after our Data Protection regulator, the ICO’s audit and intervention. Among other sensitive content, the National Pupil Database holds sexual orientation data on almost 3.2 million students’ named records, and religious belief on 3.7 million.

defenddigitalme is a call to action to protect children’s rights to privacy across the education sector in England, and beyond. Data protection has a role to playwithin the broader rule of law to protect and uphold the right to privacy, to prevent state interference in private and family life, and in the protection of the full range of human rights necessary in a democratic society. Fundamental human rights must be universally protected to foster human flourishing, to protect the personal dignity and freedoms of every individual, to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedoms.


The award was announced at the conference,Real personal data protection in remote reality,” organized by the Personal Data Protection Office UODO, as part of the celebration of the 15th Data Protection Day on 28th January, 2021 with an award ceremony held on its eve in Warsaw.

Shifting power and sovereignty. Please don’t spaff our data laws up the wall.

Duncan Green’s book, How Change Happens reflects on how power and systems shape change, and its key theme is most timely post the General Election.

Critical junctures shake the status quo and throw all the power structures in the air.

The Sunday Times ran several post-election stories this weekend. Their common thread is about repositioning power; realigning the relationships across Whitehall departments, and with the EU.

It appears that meeting the political want, to be seen by the public to re-establish sovereignty for Britain, is going to come at a price.

The Sunday Times article suggests our privacy and data rights are likely to be high up on the list, in any post-Brexit fire sale:

“if they think we are going to be signing up to stick to their data laws and their procurement rules, that’s not going to happen”.

Whether it was simply a politically calculated statement or not, our data rights are clearly on the table in current wheeling and dealing.

Since there’s nothing in EU data protection law that is a barrier to trade doing what is safe, fair and transparent with personal data it may be simply be politically opportunistic to be seen to be doing something that was readily associated with the EU. “Let’s take back control of our cookies”, no less.

But reality is that either way the UK_GDPR is already weaker for UK residents than what is now being labelled here as EU_#GDPR.

If anything, GDPR is already too lenient to organisations and does little especially for children, to shift the power balance required to build the data infrastructures we need to use data well. The social contract for research and other things, appropriate to  ever-expanding technological capacity, is still absent in UK practice.

But instead of strengthening it, what lies ahead is expected divergence between the UK_GDPR and the EU_GDPR in future, via the powers in the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2017.

A post-Brexit majority government might pass all the law it likes to remove the ability to exercise our human rights or data rights under UK Data protection law.  Henry VIII powers adopted in the last year, allow space for top down authoritarian rule-making across many sectors. The UK government was alone among other countries when the government created its own exemption for immigration purposes in the UK Data Protection Act in 2018. That removed the ability from all of us,  to exercise rights under GDPR. It might choose to further reduce our freedom of speech, and access to the courts.

But would the harmful economic side effects be worth it?

If Britain is to become a ‘buzz of tech firms in the regions’, and since  much of tech today relies on personal data processing, then a ‘break things and move fast’ approach (yes, that way round), won’t protect  SMEs from reputational risk, or losing public trust. Divergence may in fact break many businesses. It will cause confusion and chaos, to have UK self-imposed double standards, increasing workload for many.

Weakened UK data laws for citizens, will limit and weaken UK business both in terms of their own positioning in being able to trade with others, and being able to manage trusted customer relations. Weakened UK data laws will weaken the position of UK research.

Having an accountable data protection officer can be seen as a challenge. But how much worse might challenges in court be, when you cock up handling millions of patients’ pharmaceutical records [1], or school children’s biometric data? Save nothing of the potential implications for national security [2] or politicians when lists of millions of people could be open to blackmail or abuse for a generation.

The level playing field that every company can participate in, is improved, not harmed, by good data protection law. Small businesses that moan about it, might simply never have been good at doing data well. Few significant changes have been of substance in Britain’s Data Protection laws over the last twenty years.

Data laws are neither made-up, bonkers banana-shaped standards,  nor a meaningful symbol of sovereignty.

GDPR is also far from the only law the UK must follow when it comes to data.  Privacy and other rights may be infringed unlawfully, even where data protection law is no barrier to processing. And that’s aside from ethical questions too.

There isn’t so much a reality of “their data laws”, but rather *our* data laws, good for our own protection, for firms, *and* the public good.

Policy makers who might want such changes to weaken rights, may not care, looking out for fast headlines, not slow-to-realise harms.

But if they want a legacy of having built a better infrastructure that positions the UK for tech firms, for UK research, for citizens and for the long game, then they must not spaff our data laws up the wall.


Duncan Green’s book, How Change Happens is available via Open Access.


Updated December 26, 2019 to add links to later news:

[1]   20/12/2019 The Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) has fined a London-based pharmacy £275,000 for failing to ensure the security of special category data. https://ico.org.uk/action-weve-taken/enforcement/doorstep-dispensaree-ltd-mpn/

[2] 23/12/2019 Pentagon warns military members DNA kits pose ‘personal and operational risks’ https://www.yahoo.com/news/pentagon-warns-military-members-dna-kits-pose-personal-and-operational-risks-173304318.html

Data Protection Bill 2017: summary of source links

The Data Protection Bill [Exemptions from GDPR] was introduced to the House of Lords on 13 September 2017
*current status April 6, 2018* Report Stage House of Commons — dates, to be announced
Debates

Dates for all stages of the passage of the Bill, including links to the debates.

EU GDPR Progress Overviews

Updates of GDPR age of consent mapping: Better Internet for Kids

Bird and Bird GDPR Tracker [Shows how and where GDPR has been supplemented locally, highlighting where Member States have taken the opportunities available in the law for national variation.]

ISiCo Tracker (Site in German language) with links.

UK Data Protection Bill Overview
  • Data Protection Bill Explanatory Notes [PDF], 1.2MB, 112 pages
  • Data Protection Bill Overview Factsheet [PDF], 229KB, 4 pages
  • Data Protection Bill Impact Assessment [PDF], 123KB, 5 pages
The General Data Protection Regulation

The General Data Protection Regulation [PDF] 959KB, 88 pages

Related Factsheets
  • General Processing Factsheet, [PDF], 141KB, 3 pages
  • Law Enforcement Data Processing Factsheet [PDF], 226KB, 3 pages
  • National Security Data Processing Factsheet [PDF], 231KB, 4 pages
These parts of the bill concern the function of the Information Commissioner and her powers of enforcement
  • Information Commissioner and Enforcement Factsheet [PDF] 223KB, 4 pages
  • Data sharing code of practice [PDF]
GDPR possible derogations

Source credit Amberhawk: Chris Pounder

Member State law can allow modifications to Articles 4(7), 4(9),  6(2), 6(3)(b), 6(4),  8(1), 8(3), 9(2)(a), 9(2)(b), 9(2)(g), 9(2)(h), 9(2)(i), 9(2)(j), 9(3), 9(4),  10,  14(5)(b), 14(5)(c), 14(5)(d),  17(1)(e), 17(3)(b), 17(3)(d), 22(2)(b),  23(1)(e),  26(1),  28(3), 28(3)(a), 28(3)(g), 28(3)(h), 28(4),  29,  32(4),  35(10), 36(5),  37(4),  38(5),  49(1)(g), 49(4), 49(5),  53(1), 53(3),  54(1), 54(2),  58(1)(f), 58(2), 58(3), 58(4), 58(5),  59,  61(4)(b),  62(3),  80,  83(5)(d), 83(7), 83(8),  85,  86,  87,  88,  89,  and 90 of the GDPR.

Other relevant significant connected legislation
  • The Police and Crime Directive [web link] 
  • EU Charter of Fundamental Rights – European Commission [link]
  • The proposed Regulation on Privacy and Electronic Communications [web link]
  • Draft modernised convention for the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data (convention 108)
Data Protection Bill Statement of Intent
  • DCMS Statement of Intent [PDF] 229KB, 4 pages
  • Letter to Stakeholders [PDF] 184KB, 2 pages 7 Aug 2017
Other links on derogations and data processing
  • On Adequacy: Data transfers between the EU and UK post Brexit? Andrew D. Murray Article [link]
  • Two Birds [web link]
  • ICO legal basis for processing and children [link]
  • Public authorities under the Freedom of Information Act (ICO) Public authorities under FOIA 120160901 Version: 2.2 [link] 
  • ICO information for education [link]

Blogs on key issues [links in date of post]

  • Amberhawk
    • DP Bill’s new immigration exemption can put EU citizens seeking a right to remain at considerable disadvantage [09.10] re: Schedule 2, paragraph 4, new Immigration exemption.
    • On Adequacy:  Draconian powers in EU Withdrawal Bill can negate new Data Protection law [13.09]
    • Queen’s Speech, and the promised “Data Protection (Exemptions from GDPR) Bill [29.06]
  • defenddigitalme
    • Response to the Data Protection Bill debate and Green Paper on Online Strategy [11.10.2017]
  • Jon Baines
    • Serious DCMS error about consent data protection [11.08]
  • Eoin O’Dell
    • The UK’s Data Protection Bill 2017: repeals and compensation – updated: On DCMS legislating for Art 82 GDPR. [14.09]

Data Protection Bill Consultation: General Data Protection Regulation Call for Views on exemptions
  • New Data Protection Bill: Our planned reforms [PDF] 952KB, 30 pages
  • London Economics: Research and analysis to quantify benefits arising from personal data rights under the GDPR [PDF] 3.76MB 189 pages
  • ICO response to DCMS [link]
  • ESRC joint submissions on EU General Data Protection Regulation in the UK – Wellcome led multi org submission plus submission from British Academy / Erdos [link]
  • defenddigitalme response to the DCMS [link]
Minister for Digital Matt Hancock’s keynote address to the UK Internet Governance Forum, 13 September [link].

“…the Data Protection Bill, which will bring our data protection regime into the twenty first century, giving citizens more sovereignty over their data, and greater penalties for those who break the rules.

“With AI and machine learning, data use is moving fast. Good use of data isn’t just about complying with the regulations, it’s about the ethical use of data too.

“So good governance of data isn’t just about legislation – as important as that is – it’s also about establishing ethical norms and boundaries, as a society.  And this is something our Digital Charter will address too.”

Media links

14.09 BBC UK proposes exemptions to Data Protection Bill


Edits:

11.10.2017 to add links to the Second Reading in the House of Lords